Hollow reinforced-concrete tie.



H. R. LEONARD.

HOLLOW REINFORCED CONCRETE TIE.

APPLICATION FILED 13130.1, 1911.

1,045,121 1. Patented Nov. 26, 1912.

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UNITED STATES PATENT @FFIQE.

PENNSYLVANIA.

HENRY R. LEONARD, OF WAYNE,

HOLLOW REINFORCED-CONCRETE TIE.

1,045,711. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented N 26, 1912,

Original application filed. September 27, 1911, Serial No. 651,561.Divided and this application filed December 1, 1911. Serial No. 663,305.

hollow reinforced concrete tie embodying my invention, the same beingshown in as sembled position with respect to the chairs and the rails.Fig. 2 represents a transverse section on line m-00 of Fig. 1. Fig. 8represents a transverse section of the mold showing the completed tieready for removal from the mold. Fig. 1 represents a transverse sectionon line yy of Fig. 1, taken in proximity to one of the fasteningdevices.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in thefigures.

Referring to the drawings :In the manufacture of my novel tie anydesired type of mold may be used, and in Fig. 3 I have shown a moldconsisting of two parts 1 and 2, which are hinged together, as indicatedat 3, and secured together by any desired type of fastening devices 4:.

5 designates a hollow reinforced concrete tie, embodying my invention,the outer contour of which varies in accordance with the type of moldemployed.

6 designates reinforcements extending longitudinally through the tie,any desired number of which may be employed, such longitudinal extendingreinforcements being spaced from each other and adapted to cooperatewith annular reinforcements 7 which are wound around or interlocked withthe longitudinal extending reinforcements 6 and have their ends twistedor otherwise secured together, as indicated at 8.

9 designates spacing members which are bent around the longitudinalextending members 6, and then extend angularly outwardly, as will bebest seen by reference to Fig. 1, so that when the reinforcement areplaced in position in the mold, formed by the members 1 and 2, suchreinforcements will be suitably spaced relatively to the inner walls ofthe molds, and, in the broad scope of my invention, these outwardlyextending spacing reinforcements 9 may be provided at any desiredpoints, and, in the present instance, I have shown four sets of thesebeing employed, it being of course apparent that any desired number maybe used, and still be within the scope of my invention.

In order to prevent injury to the walls of the tie, such as is liable tooccur when lifting jacks are employed to raise the tie from its bed, Ireinforce the tie 1n proximity to the ends and have illustrated hereinone manner Fig. 2,

T 0 all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY It. citizen of the United States, residing at\Vayne, in the county of Delaware, State of 1 Pennsylvania, haveinvented a new and useful Hollow Reinforced Concrete Tie, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My present invention relates to a novel construction of a hollowreinforced concrete tie for railroad purposes.

In a copending application filed by me on the 27th day of September,1911, Serialv No. 651,561, and of which the present application is adivision, I have described and broadly claimed a novel method of makinga hollow reinforced concrete tie, such as is herein shown, which isproduced by placing the concrete mixture and the reinforcements within amold then causing the mold to rotate to subject the concrete mixture to'a centrifugal action, which causes the outer portion of the concretetie to be of relatively greater density than the inner portion thereof,and by such method I am enabled to entirely dispense with a core, andthe apertures in the tie for the fastening devices, as well as the railchair spacing lugs are formed in the tie during process of manufacture.

With the above in view, my invention consists of a novel construction ofa hollow reinforced concrete tie.

It further consists of a novel construction of a hollow reinforcedconcrete tie having reinforcements near each end to prevent injury tothe tie by the lifting jacks, when such are employed to raise the tiefrom its bed.

It further consists of a novel construction and arrangement ofreinforcements.

It further consists of other novel features of construction all as willbe hereinafter fully set forth.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention, I have shown in theaccompanying drawings, one form thereof which is at present preferred byme, since the same has been found in practice to give satisfactory andreliable results, although it is to be understood that the variousinstrumentalities of which my invention consists can be variouslyarranged and organized and that my invention is not limited to theprecise arrangement and organization of these instrument-alities asherein shown and described.

Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a of accomplishing this, as seenin LEONARD, a

wherein I have shown a reinforcing bar 10 which surrounds thelongitudinal aperture 11 of the tie and has its free ends interlockedwith longitudinal extending reinforcements 6, preferably located belowthe aperture 11, as is indicated at 12, it being understood that anydesired number of these bars 10 may be employed.

In order that the rail chair will be properly spaced, the tie isprovided near each end with a pair of spaced lugs 18, the inner faces ofwhich are preferably vertical, as indicated at 14:, while the outerfaces thereof are preferably outwardly and downwardly inclined, asindicated at 15.

In order that the apertures for the fastening devices may be formed inthe tie during the process of manufacture, I provide the mold withconical shaped cores 16 which form conical shaped apertures 17 in thetie, through which fastening bolts 18 are adapted to pass, said boltsengaging a gib 19, the outer face of which conforms to the inner contourof the walls of the aperture 11, as will be understood by reference toFig. 4, said bolts passing through the rail chairs 20, which latter maybe constructed of wood, metal or any other desired material, it beingunderstood that the bolts 18 are provided with suitable fasteningdevices, such as the nuts 21.

22 designates the rails which are secured with respect to the rail chair20 in any desired or conventional manner.

Owing to the novel manner in which the tie is formed, the heavierparticles of the concrete mixture will tend to travel outwardly andtoward the inner walls of the mold, the result of which will be that mynovel reinforced concrete tie is denser and harder near the outer facesthereof than at the inner portion, the advantage of which is that thetie will not be injured by the bearing of the rails and the tamping ofthe ballast, thereby enabling me to produce a reinforced concrete tie inwhich the durability of the tie is greatly increased, and wherein theliability of the tie becoming injured by the contacting of foreignmaterial thereagainst, is reduced to a minimum.

In the present instance, I have shown, for purposes of illustration, apreferredmanner and arrangement of forming the spacing reinforcements,although it is to be understood that in the broad scope of my invention,the same may be located and spaced, in any desired manner, and still bewithin the scope of the invention.

So far as I am aware, I am the first in the art to produce a hollowreinforced concrete tie, which is of greater density at the outerportions, than at the inner portions thereof, and wherein the aperturesfor the fastening devices and the rail chair spacing lugs are formed inthe tie during the rotation of the reinforcements and the concretemixture in the mold, and wherein provision is made at the end of the tieto prevent the walls of the apertures being injured by the lifting jackand it is to be understood that my claims to such features are to beinterpreted with corresponding scope. I

It will also be apparent that where atie is formed as disclosed herein,the rail chair spacing lugs will be of greater density than the innerportions of the tie, and a more homogeneous concrete mass is producedthan is possible to attain in cases wherein the tie is cast in a mold.

It will now be apparent that I have devised a novel and usefulconstruction of a hollow reinforced concrete tie which embodies thefeatures of advantage enumerated as desirable in the statement of theinvention and the above description, and while I have, in the presentinstance, shown and described a preferred embodiment thereof which hasbeen found in practice to give satisfactory and reliable results, it isto be understood that the same is susceptible of modification in variousparticulars without departing from the spirit or scope of the inventionor sacrificing any of its advantages.

Having thus described my invention,what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

1. As a new article of manufacture, a railroad tie having a surfaceadapted to support a rail and comprising a hollow reinforced concretebody, the outer portions of said body near the outer surface thereofbeing of greater density than the inner portions thereof whereby saidtie is not liable to injury from the rail bearing and the tamping of theballast and said concrete body having additional reinforcementssurrounding the hollow ends to prevent injury to the tie from thelifting jacks.

2. As a new article of manufacture, a rail road tie having a surfaceadapted to support a rail and comprising a hollow reinforced concretebody provided with a longitudinal aperture surrounded by reinforcementsembedded in the concrete and having on one face rail chair spacing lugsand apertures in proximity to said lugs to receive fastening devices,the outer portion of said body near the outer surfaces thereof being ofgreater density and hardness than the inner portions thereof wherebysaid tie is not liable to injury from the rail bearing or the tamping ofthe ballast.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a railroad tie having a port a railand comprising a longitudinally apertured reinforced concrete tieprovided with longitudinally extending spaced reinforcements, annularreinforcements secured to the longitudinally extending reinforcementsand having their free ends extending surface adapted to supto an outerface of the tie, and a reinforcing bar at each end of the tiesurroundingthe upper portion of the aperture and secured to the otherreinforcements.

4. As a new articleof manufacture, a railroad tie having a surfaceadapted to support a rail and comprising a hollow reinforce concretebody provided with chair spacing lugs and a conical shaped apertureopening between said lugs and having means atits ends to prevent injuryfrom the lifting jacks,

f Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, byWashington, D. C.

the outer portions of said body near the outer surfaces thereof being ofgreater density and hardness than the inner portions thereof wherebysaid tie is not liable to inury from the rail hearing or tamping of theballast,

HENRY R. LEONARD.

Witnesses:

C. D. MoVAY, H. S. FAIRBANKS.

addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

